Trust but verify - Coronavirus edition

The latest epidemic coming out of China has many highlighting the deadly inefficiencies of top-down authoritarian regimes.  As Nicholas Kristof puts it in his recent piece, "Dictators often make poor decisions because they don’t get accurate information."

Into this breach of trust... "BlueDot Inc a Toronto startup whose AI-driven health monitoring platform analyzes billions of data points... alerted its clients to the (coronavirus) outbreak on Dec. 31, well ahead of notifications from the World Health Organization and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"

How housing became the world’s biggest asset class

The Economist has been on a tear with regards to housing, the latest being a recent history of this asset class.

Some eye-opening nuggets...

• "median American rent payment rose 61% in real terms between 1960 and 2016 while the median renter’s income grew by 5%"
• "In 1940-2000 mortgage credit as a share of gdp across the rich world more than doubled"
• "the rate of housing construction in the rich world is half what it was in the 1960s"

Rebuilding trust...

At a time when many are content with calling balls and strikes, Peter Kraus and Gregg Schoenberg are masters of delving into the second and subsequent order impacts of what transpires on the field of play, as evidenced by Peter's latest edition in his podcast series "Elephant in the Room" where the duo explore, among other things, trust and transparency in the financial markets, as well as fintech, ESG and asset management.

The Mandate of Heaven

The inimitable Charles Krauthammer, burdened by liberal enlightenment thinking, got China way wrong by inserting a phantom “People” element into “The Mandate of Heaven.” Three decades on, we may be about to see the sons of the Yellow Emperor contend with the very real “Heaven” of that term of art.

Trajan Langdon... math major

Peeling the onion on ATTOM's latest pronouncement on the affordability of buying vs. renting

While it’s nice that buying is more affordable than renting in 53% of US counties, a population-weighted view gives a dramatically different story.  Buying wins in 31% of counties with over populations of over 500k and only 16% in counties where populations cross the 1 million threshold.

Average US home seller profits hits another new high?

Average US home seller profits in 2019 hit record high...  A happy headline indeed, but also demonstration of the Rorschach test of real estate stats at the national level.

Home ownership tenure of sellers in Q4 2019 averaged 8.21 years, the highest since Q1 2000, roughly coinciding with the nearly 60% national home price index appreciation since Q1 2011, demonstrating the importance of good timing.

Moreover, the top 5 tenures were all counties in Connecticut (12.25 years+), a state where overall sale prices remain below the 2007 peak.

China's soft power projection...

China’s $270 billion in “diplomacy spending” since 2000 (source: Visual Capitalist)

Is home ownership really "The West's Biggest Economic Policy Mistake?"

“Far from shoring up capitalism, housing policies have made the system unsafe, inefficient and unfair.” The Economist makes the case that the West’s “obsession with home ownership” is its “biggest economic policy mistake,” undermining growth, fairness and public faith in capitalism.

Making California livable again

According to The Atlantic, "California Senate Bill 50, winding its way through the state legislature again this month, could generate tens of thousands of new jobs and billions of dollars of new investment, reshaping the geography of the biggest state and solving a large chunk of the cost-of-living crisis the Trump administration has assiduously avoided addressing by, essentially, forcing California communities to allow more construction."

 "Based on the housing-unit-to-population ratio in similarly wealthy and urban states, such as New York and New Jersey, California is short 2 million to 3.5 million housing units. (California has 358 homes per 1,000 people, whereas New York and New Jersey each have more than 400.) Right now, the state ranks 49th in units per capita, behind only Utah."

The hidden costs of taking cash out of your home

Nearly 60% of cash-out refinancings in 2018 came with higher interest rates (WSJ)

The recent WSJ article on American consumers refinancing at higher rates to take equity out of their home is yet another indication of the product-market mismatch in residential real estate financing.

Paul Thompson, the particular consumer in the piece, replaced his five year-old 4% mortgage with a 4.625% mortgage, taking out $30,000 in the process.  Some back-of-the-envelope calculation show that Paul will be paying $146,530 over the life of the new loan for the opportunity to take out $30,000 in equity.  I didn't account for time value of money or mortgage interest deductibility, but it seems that Paul will need a period of macroeconomic hyperinflation for this to make sense financially.

Showing my work (assumptions)

• He initially took out $350,000 for 30 years; total payments would have been $601,543
• Assuming 60 periods in, he would have paid down $33,433 in principal and $66,824 in interest (totaling $100,257)
• Since he took out $30,000 in equity, I'm further assuming the new mortgage balance will be $350,000
• He will have total principal and interest payments of $647,816 for his new loan.
• [New Loan: $647,816] - ([Old Loan: $601,543] - [Old Loan Paid Down: $100,257]) = $146,530

A little perspective please (when it comes to Millennial housing preferences)

Do half of all millennial home buyers really view “two story entry foyers” as “essential” or “desirable” as detailed in "What Home Buyers Really Want (2019 Edition)" published by the National Association of Home Builders.   While I applaud NAHB’s efforts to better understand the generation, this is a bit much, especially when a longitudinal comparison shows only a fifth of the boomer set as having the same preference.

Is this manifestation of the the false sense of intimacy conveyed by the cohort’s preferred methods of discovery (Zillow, HGTV...), combined with their relatively late start into the realities of home ownership?  One may deem this the “Mrs. Fletcher” conundrum, where the digital proxy, however authentic-seeming, is far from real.

Might the solution be to help home buyers better appreciate both the qualitative and quantitative value drivers that go into housing to understand the tradeoffs inherent in home ownership?

Will iBuyers love LA?

Leading iBuyers Opendoor, Redfin and Zillow are all entering Los Angeles, the second-largest housing market in the US.  Will their valuation algorithms be up to the challenges of this significantly more heterogenous and expensive real estate market?  Tune in...

Areas of highest millennial concentration seeing lower levels of home building

NAHB reports that the 25% of counties with highest millennial concentration saw construction growth rates for single-family and multifamily home building at generally lower rates "than the remaining 75% of counties. These statistics point to a growing geographic mismatch between younger households with expanding housing demand and where construction is expanding.

Blockchain as Liquid-Plumr for financial market pipes

WSJ reports... “That two-day delay comes with various costs. Banks collectively set aside tens of billions of dollars in capital to cover the risk that firms elsewhere in DTCC’s network will fail before the trades settle.

There are also separate systems at each big bank, as well as at DTCC itself, that track what different market participants are expected to pay or deliver at settlement time. Bankers say this is inefficient and results in errors when systems disagree with each other.

‘We are constantly reconciling that data,’ said Jeffrey Rosen, a New York-based managing director at Société Générale. ‘That is hugely expensive. While we’ve built tools to do it efficiently, it would be better not to do it.’”

How an incumbent can build a culture that embraces data and AI

The Harvard Business Review has a piece about how TD Wealth sought to build a culture that embraces data and AI by creating a program called “WealthACT (“Accelerate Change through Technology”) to try to get executives in the business unit excited about what technology can do for their business.

Key points:

• There was clear executive focus.  The unit’s business head with the executive sponsor while the program leader, Atanaska Novakova, was a unit executive.
• Laying the groundwork so that the heightened expectations post-program would be satisfied.  “Senior leaders of the unit felt that its data assets were finally ready to be used, and the most important factor in using them effectively was demand from executives.”
• The first group of 100 wealth specialists joined in a five-month program, visited Silicon Valley, UK, Boston to learn about new tech, open banking, participated in a hackathon, “but the bulk of the program involved expert-led instruction and hands-on and immersive workshops to build customer empathy, understanding emerging tech, and practice pattern recognition to spot trends and opportunities ahead.”
• The goal of the program was to develop six core skills:

1. Human-centered design
2. Business case development/storytelling
3. Business agility
4. Data-driven decisions
5. Emerging technologies literacy
6. Growth/innovative mindset.

Unrefined snippets...

• “he wanted participants to recognize that mindlessly throwing technology at customers is not the answer. He hoped the program would foster not only much deeper awareness of technology, but also greater sophistication about it, and a deep understanding of the customers TD Wealth serves today and how they are changing.” (Alex Morris, Deloitte Canada partner, head of innovation & design)
• Initial iteration “involved a lot of classroom learning”...  subsequent versions “have become more experiential and immersive.”
• “I hear participants say that this program has shifted them from fearing change to embracing change with joy.” (Alex Morris)
• “Entry into the ACT programs is competitive, and the application process thorough.”
• “We have turned anxiety into excitement, and now everyone who’s been through the program is a change agent.” (Atanaska Novakova)
• “It used to be that the push for those came from our IT people, and IT would get the blame if they didn’t work out. Now the business sees these projects as a joint responsibility.” (Atanaska Novakova)
• Novakova is now “designing a WealthACE program (“Accelerate Change through Execution”) to expand from 400 managers to 4,000 individual contributors.”

Author: Thomas Davenport.  Professor, Babson College; Research fellow, MIT initiative on the Digital Economy; senior advisor, Deloitte Analytics

The road to hell...

I have a bone to pick with the WSJ’s piece decrying “increased sophistication by Beijing in harnessing vast reams of information for political ends.”

If the Propaganda Department of an authoritarian regime develops a mobile app expressly to indoctrinate, can its potential access to users’ personal data really be described as “backdoor?”

While we are dickering about semantics, it is a bit jarring, for a non-EU resident, to read the report about this potential for data theft as “Human Rights Violations (HRV).”  The EU is clearly ahead of the curve when it comes to personal data rights (e.g., GDPR), but the use of the term in this context seems more than a bit dilutive.

Of more concern is the fact that “the amount of data gathered by Xuexi Qiangguo (the mobile app) isn’t unusual for commercial apps.”  This only confirms a growing concern amongst many that, these days, the road to hell is paved with good user experiences.

Where are we with Blockchain?

Scotty Dog schools Tim Beaver

My concern for this college football season is officially at an end as of September 7th.  I remember meeting an alum of the old Carnegie Tech who attended “Tech’s Greatest Victory,” a 19-0 rout of Fighting Irish, but the football program by my vintage was mainly known for its “Diskette Day” when the team played Case Western, a game many of us attended solely to procure those then-precious 3.5 inch disks.  Anyway, the continued retrenchment of football in the ranks of academically competitive Division III schools, with the effective dissolution of CMU’s former home conference, has apparently opened up opportunity for a dream matchup between my alma mater and MIT.  And we won!

The end of harmony?

The Boxer Rebellion, occurring roughly midway through China’s recent shambolic century bracketed by the First Opium War and the establishment of the People’s Republic, did have a positive outcome.  Alone amongst the Western Powers, the United States under President Roosevelt set aside a portion of its settlement share to “give back,” creating the Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program, which provided seed funding for Tsinghua University, known colloquially as China’s MIT, incurring inestimable soft power projection in the process.

The US has been and continues to be the “Shining City on the Hill” to the lot of aspirational mainland Chinese.  Even amidst its increasingly nationalistic posture, the nation is beset by a brain drain States-side.  A recent study noted that while the number of researchers who had received their undergraduate degrees in China and engaged in artificial intelligence research has risen tenfold in the past decade, nearly two-thirds are currently working in the US.

This relationship is undergoing a severe stress test.  The Economic Espionage Act (EEA) of 1996 makes theft or misappropriation of trade secrets a federal crime.  In its initial dozen years, 17% of defendants charged under EEA were of Chinese descent.  “After 2009, however, the percentage of Chinese espionage defendants tripled to 52%.”  While one can readily argue that commercial espionage on the part of the Chinese is a pressing matter, what’s troubling is its broad transference, as evidenced by what seems to be the recent targeting/purging of Asian cancer researchers in Houston, including long-time American residents.

These trends make the Huawei’s recent announcement of its Harmony OS all the more ironic.  The reception, frequently dismissive - often highlighting the challenges of persuading iOS/Android developers to port to the new OS, betrays the pundits’ provincialism.  With a nearly 40% share of the Chinese smartphone market, it’s not inconceivable for Huawei to command a larger installed base than the entire US population within the nation alone.  PRC smartphone app usage is dominated by a few tentpole apps, namely WeChat.  From a tech perspective, Android is a legacy mess, lacking a micro kernel architecture and possessing an unwieldy, potentially dangerous, diversity of distros.

These pundits also miss the fundamental point, that with this announcement we are witnessing what may be the initial stages of the Great Forking of tech, the erection of a “Silicon Curtain.”  Will this be the End of Harmony?